一部の日付形式にDDYYYYがあり、一部の日付形式にDDDYYYYがある日付に年の日を変換する

これはどうですか：

with demo (data_date) as
     ( select 1072015 from dual union all
       select 12017 from dual union all
       select 612014 from dual union all
       select 672013 from dual union all
       select 72017 from dual union all
       select 1112018 from dual )
select data_date
     , to_char(data_date,'0000000')
     , to_date(to_char(data_date,'0000000'),'DDDYYYY') as data_date_converted
from   demo