いくつかの解決策があります。まず、次のデータ(categories
)を使用します 表)例として。
+----+--------------------------+-----------+
| id | name | parent_id |
+----+--------------------------+-----------+
| 1 | Electronics | NULL |
| 2 | Apparel & Clothing | NULL |
| 3 | Phones & Accessories | 1 |
| 4 | Computer & Office | 1 |
| 5 | Men's Clothing | 2 |
| 6 | Women's Clothing | 2 |
| 7 | Cell Phones | 3 |
| 8 | Cell Phone Accessories | 3 |
| 9 | Phone Parts | 3 |
| 10 | Computers & Accessories | 4 |
| 11 | Tablets & Accessories | 4 |
| 12 | Computer Peripherals | 4 |
| 13 | Computer Components | 4 |
| 14 | Office Electronics | 4 |
+----+--------------------------+-----------+
ソリューション1(隣接リスト ):
WITH(一般的なテーブル式) 句(MySQL 8.0が必要):
// Database connection
$options = [
PDO::ATTR_DEFAULT_FETCH_MODE => PDO::FETCH_ASSOC,
PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES => false,
PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION,
];
$pdo = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=<DATABASE_NAME>', '<USERNAME>', '<PASSWORD>', $options);
function getCategories(PDO $db, $parentId = null)
{
$sql = $parentId ? 'WITH RECURSIVE cte (id, name, parent_id) AS (SELECT id, name, parent_id FROM categories WHERE parent_id = ? UNION ALL SELECT c.id, c.name, c.parent_id FROM categories c INNER JOIN cte ON c.parent_id = cte.id) SELECT * FROM cte' : 'SELECT * FROM categories';
$stmt = $db->prepare($sql);
$stmt->execute($parentId ? [$parentId] : null);
return $stmt->fetchAll();
}
MySQL 5.7を使用している場合は、その機能を次のように変更します。
function getCategories(PDO $db, $parentId = null)
{
$sql = $parentId ? 'SELECT id, name, parent_id FROM (SELECT * FROM categories ORDER BY parent_id, id) c, (select @pv := ?) initialisation WHERE find_in_set(parent_id, @pv) AND LENGTH(@pv := concat(@pv, ",", id))' : 'SELECT * FROM categories';
$stmt = $db->prepare($sql);
$stmt->execute($parentId ? [$parentId] : null);
return $stmt->fetchAll();
}
データベース内のすべてのカテゴリを取得するには:
$allCategories = getCategories($pdo);
出力:
+----+--------------------------+-----------+
| id | name | parent_id |
+----+--------------------------+-----------+
| 1 | Electronics | NULL |
| 2 | Apparel & Clothing | NULL |
| 3 | Phones & Accessories | 1 |
| 4 | Computer & Office | 1 |
| 5 | Men's Clothing | 2 |
| 6 | Women's Clothing | 2 |
| 7 | Cell Phones | 3 |
| 8 | Cell Phone Accessories | 3 |
| 9 | Phone Parts | 3 |
| 10 | Computers & Accessories | 4 |
| 11 | Tablets & Accessories | 4 |
| 12 | Computer Peripherals | 4 |
| 13 | Computer Components | 4 |
| 14 | Office Electronics | 4 |
+----+--------------------------+-----------+
カテゴリのサブカテゴリを取得するには:
$subCategories = getCategories($pdo, 1); // 1 is parent_id
出力:
+----+--------------------------+-----------+
| id | name | parent_id |
+----+--------------------------+-----------+
| 3 | Phones & Accessories | 1 |
| 4 | Computer & Office | 1 |
| 7 | Cell Phones | 3 |
| 8 | Cell Phone Accessories | 3 |
| 9 | Phone Parts | 3 |
| 10 | Computers & Accessories | 4 |
| 11 | Tablets & Accessories | 4 |
| 12 | Computer Peripherals | 4 |
| 13 | Computer Components | 4 |
| 14 | Office Electronics | 4 |
+----+--------------------------+-----------+
HTML出力が必要な場合は、$allCategories
をループできます。 / $subCategories
(あなたの例に基づく):
function prepareCategories(array $categories)
{
$result = [
'all_categories' => [],
'parent_categories' => []
];
foreach ($categories as $category) {
$result['all_categories'][$category['id']] = $category;
$result['parent_categories'][$category['parent_id']][] = $category['id'];
}
return $result;
}
function buildCategories($categories, $parentId = null)
{
if (!isset($categories['parent_categories'][$parentId])) {
return '';
}
$html = '<ul>';
foreach ($categories['parent_categories'][$parentId] as $cat_id) {
if (isset($categories['parent_categories'][$cat_id])) {
$html .= "<li><a href='#'>{$categories['all_categories'][$cat_id]['name']}</a>";
$html .= buildCategories($categories, $cat_id);
$html .= '</li>';
} else {
$html .= "<li><a href='#'>{$categories['all_categories'][$cat_id]['name']}</a></li>";
}
}
$html .= '</ul>';
return $html;
}
echo buildCategories(prepareCategories($allCategories));
出力:
echo buildCategories(prepareCategories($subCategories), 1);
出力:
ソリューション2(入れ子集合 ):
left
列を追加します およびright
私たちのテーブルに、親に属するグループを識別する番号を入れます。 (parent_id
は使用しないことに注意してください 列。)
+----+--------------------------+--------------------------+
| id | name | parent_id | left | right |
+----+--------------------------+--------------------------+
| 1 | Electronics | NULL | 1 | 22 |
| 2 | Apparel & Clothing | NULL | 23 | 28 |
| 3 | Phones & Accessories | 1 | 2 | 9 |
| 4 | Computer & Office | 1 | 10 | 21 |
| 5 | Men's Clothing | 2 | 24 | 25 |
| 6 | Women's Clothing | 2 | 26 | 27 |
| 7 | Cell Phones | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| 8 | Cell Phone Accessories | 3 | 5 | 6 |
| 9 | Phone Parts | 3 | 7 | 8 |
| 10 | Computers & Accessories | 4 | 11 | 12 |
| 11 | Tablets & Accessories | 4 | 13 | 14 |
| 12 | Computer Peripherals | 4 | 15 | 16 |
| 13 | Computer Components | 4 | 17 | 18 |
| 14 | Office Electronics | 4 | 19 | 20 |
+----+--------------------------+--------------------------+
次に、関数を変更する必要があります:
function getCategories(PDO $db, $parentId = null)
{
$sql = $parentId ? 'SELECT children.* FROM categories parent INNER JOIN categories children ON parent.left < children.left AND parent.right > children.left WHERE parent.id = ?' : 'SELECT * FROM categories';
$stmt = $db->prepare($sql);
$stmt->execute($parentId ? [$parentId] : null);
return $stmt->fetchAll();
}
データベース内のすべてのカテゴリを取得するには:
$allCategories = getCategories($pdo);
出力:
+----+--------------------------+--------------------------+
| id | name | parent_id | left | right |
+----+--------------------------+--------------------------+
| 1 | Electronics | NULL | 1 | 22 |
| 2 | Apparel & Clothing | NULL | 23 | 28 |
| 3 | Phones & Accessories | 1 | 2 | 9 |
| 4 | Computer & Office | 1 | 10 | 21 |
| 5 | Men's Clothing | 2 | 24 | 25 |
| 6 | Women's Clothing | 2 | 26 | 27 |
| 7 | Cell Phones | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| 8 | Cell Phone Accessories | 3 | 5 | 6 |
| 9 | Phone Parts | 3 | 7 | 8 |
| 10 | Computers & Accessories | 4 | 11 | 12 |
| 11 | Tablets & Accessories | 4 | 13 | 14 |
| 12 | Computer Peripherals | 4 | 15 | 16 |
| 13 | Computer Components | 4 | 17 | 18 |
| 14 | Office Electronics | 4 | 19 | 20 |
+----+--------------------------+--------------------------+
カテゴリのサブカテゴリを取得するには:
$subCategories = getCategories($pdo, 1); // 1 is parent_id
出力:
+----+--------------------------+--------------------------+
| id | name | parent_id | left | right |
+----+--------------------------+--------------------------+
| 3 | Phones & Accessories | 1 | 2 | 9 |
| 4 | Computer & Office | 1 | 10 | 21 |
| 7 | Cell Phones | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| 8 | Cell Phone Accessories | 3 | 5 | 6 |
| 9 | Phone Parts | 3 | 7 | 8 |
| 10 | Computers & Accessories | 4 | 11 | 12 |
| 11 | Tablets & Accessories | 4 | 13 | 14 |
| 12 | Computer Peripherals | 4 | 15 | 16 |
| 13 | Computer Components | 4 | 17 | 18 |
| 14 | Office Electronics | 4 | 19 | 20 |
+----+--------------------------+--------------------------+
ソリューション1に示すようにHTMLをレンダリングできます 。 続きを読む 入れ子集合モデルの更新と新しいデータの挿入について。
ソースと読み取り:
- MySQLでの階層データの管理-入れ子集合
- MySQLでの階層データの管理
- 階層データのモデル
- 隣接リストモデルを使用したMySQLの階層データの管理
- 隣接リストとネストされたセット: MySQL
- Oneより多くのネストされた間隔と隣接リストの比較