顧客が一緒に購入した製品を見つける

次のことを試してください：

SELECT c.original_SKU, c.bought_with, count(*) as times_bought_together
FROM (
  SELECT a.sku as original_SKU, b.sku as bought_with
  FROM items a
  INNER join items b
  ON a.order_id = b.order_id AND a.sku != b.sku) c
GROUP BY c.original_SKU, c.bought_with