これがあなたに必要なものだと思います:
SELECT
a.id,
a.resolution,
b.*
FROM
Table1 a
CROSS JOIN
(
SELECT
CONCAT(SUM(aa.resolution = 'pass'), '/', COUNT(*)) AS attempts,
CONCAT((SUM(aa.resolution = 'pass') / COUNT(*)) * 100, '%') AS percent_attempts,
CONCAT(SUM(bb.mindate IS NOT NULL AND resolution = 'pass'), '/', SUM(resolution = 'pass')) AS first_attempt
FROM
Table1 aa
LEFT JOIN
(
SELECT
MIN(`date`) AS mindate
FROM
Table1
) bb ON aa.`date` = bb.mindate
) b