1つのクエリでの2つの値間の補間

これは醜いハックです（悪用されたCTEに基づく;）。その核心はそれです

value1 * distance2 + value2 * distance1

distance1 * distance2で割ることにより、次のように書き換えることができます

value1/distance1 + value2/distance2

したがって、製品（または部門）は列の中にとどまることができます。合計後、（distance1 * distance2）を掛けると、結果が目的の出力に再スケーリングされます。 3人以上の隣人への一般化は、読者の練習問題として残されています。YMMV

DROP TABLE tmp.points;
CREATE TABLE tmp.points
    ( pname VARCHAR NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY
    , distance INTEGER NOT NULL
    , value INTEGER
    );

INSERT INTO tmp.points(pname, distance, value) VALUES
  ( 'A' , 1, 10 )
,  ( 'B' , 4, 20 )
,  ( 'C' , 10 , 1)
,  ( 'D' , 11 , 2)
  ;
WITH RECURSIVE twin AS (
    select 1::INTEGER AS zrank
    , p0.pname AS zname
    , p0.distance AS dist
    , p0.value AS val
    , p0.distance* p0.value AS prod
    , p0.value::float / p0.distance AS frac
    FROM tmp.points p0
    WHERE NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM tmp.points px
        WHERE px.distance < p0.distance)
    UNION
    select 1+twin.zrank AS zrank
    , p1.pname AS zname
    , p1.distance AS dist
    , p1.value AS val
    , p1.distance* p1.value AS prod
    , p1.value::float / p1.distance AS frac
    FROM tmp.points p1, twin
    WHERE p1.distance > twin.dist
    AND NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM tmp.points px
        WHERE px.distance > twin.dist
        AND px.distance < p1.distance
        )   
    )
-- SELECT * from twin ;
SELECT min(zname) AS name1, max(zname) AS name2
    , MIN(dist) * max(dist) *SUM(frac) / SUM(dist) AS score
    FROM twin
    WHERE zrank <=2
    ;

結果：

CREATE TABLE
INSERT 0 4
 name1 | name2 | score 
-------+-------+-------
 A     | B     |    12

更新：これは少し よりクリーンな...タイはまだ処理されません（そのための外部クエリにウィンドウ関数またはLIMIT 1句が必要です）

WITH RECURSIVE twin AS (
    select 1::INTEGER AS zrank
    , p0.pname AS name1
    , p0.pname AS name2
    , p0.distance AS dist
    FROM tmp.points p0
    WHERE NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM tmp.points px
        WHERE px.distance < p0.distance)
    UNION
    select 1+twin.zrank AS zrank
    , twin.name1 AS name1
    , p1.pname AS name2
    , p1.distance AS dist
    FROM tmp.points p1, twin
    WHERE p1.distance > twin.dist
    AND NOT EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM tmp.points px
        WHERE px.distance > twin.dist
        AND px.distance < p1.distance
        )
    )
SELECT twin.name1, twin.name2
    , (p1.distance * p2.value + p2.distance * p1.value) / (p1.distance+p2.distance)  AS score
    FROM twin
    JOIN tmp.points p1 ON (p1.pname = twin.name1)
    JOIN tmp.points p2 ON (p2.pname = twin.name2)
    WHERE twin.zrank =2
    ;