分析関数を使用する別のオプション;
SELECT group_id,
avg( test_value )
FROM (
select t.*,
row_number() over (partition by group_id order by test_value ) rn,
count(*) over (partition by group_id ) cnt
from test t
) alias
where
cnt <= 3
or
rn between floor( cnt / 2 )-1 and ceil( cnt/ 2 ) +1
group by group_id
;
デモ->