少なくとも3つの方法があります。以下を参照してください:
CREATE TEMP TABLE test (
id integer, name text, amount numeric, datefrom timestamptz
);
COPY test FROM STDIN (FORMAT csv);
3,a,8,2018-01-01
4,a,3,2018-01-15 10:00
5,b,1,2018-02-20
6,b,1,2019-01-01
\.
方法1.DISTINCTON(PostgreSQL固有)を使用
SELECT DISTINCT ON (name)
id, name, amount
FROM test
ORDER BY name, amount DESC, datefrom ASC;
方法2.ウィンドウ関数の使用
SELECT id, name, amount FROM (
SELECT *, row_number() OVER (
PARTITION BY name
ORDER BY amount DESC, datefrom ASC) AS __rn
FROM test) AS x
WHERE x.__rn = 1;
方法3.相互に関連するサブクエリを使用する
SELECT id, name, amount FROM test
WHERE id = (
SELECT id FROM test AS t2
WHERE t2.name = test.name
ORDER BY amount DESC, datefrom ASC
LIMIT 1
);