現在のアイテムIDの前後のN個の前のアイテムとM個の次のアイテムを選択します

yearを取得したら およびcomm_count id =7で選択した行の値の場合、2つの簡単なクエリを実行できます。

SELECT * FROM photo 
WHERE year > 2017 AND (comm_count = 1 AND year <= 2022 OR comm_count < 1) 
ORDER BY comm_count DESC, year DESC LIMIT 3 OFFSET 1
+----+------+------------+
| id | year | comm_count |
+----+------+------------+
|  6 | 2021 |          1 |
|  4 | 2019 |          1 |
+----+------+------------+

SELECT * FROM photo 
WHERE year > 2017 AND (comm_count = 1 AND year >= 2022 OR comm_count > 1) 
ORDER BY comm_count ASC, year ASC LIMIT 3 OFFSET 1;
+----+------+------------+
| id | year | comm_count |
+----+------+------------+
|  3 | 2018 |          7 |
|  5 | 2020 |          9 |
+----+------+------------+

MySQL 8.0を使用する場合は、 LAG（）およびLEAD（）関数 。

SELECT id, year, 
  LAG(id, 1) OVER w AS next,
  LAG(id, 2) OVER w AS next_next,
  LEAD(id, 1) OVER w AS prev,
  LEAD(id, 2) OVER w AS prev_prev
FROM photo 
WHERE year > 2017
WINDOW w AS (ORDER BY comm_count DESC, year DESC)

+----+------+------+-----------+------+-----------+
| id | year | next | next_next | prev | prev_prev |
+----+------+------+-----------+------+-----------+
|  5 | 2020 | NULL |      NULL |    3 |         7 |
|  3 | 2018 |    5 |      NULL |    7 |         6 |
|  7 | 2022 |    3 |         5 |    6 |         4 |
|  6 | 2021 |    7 |         3 |    4 |      NULL |
|  4 | 2019 |    6 |         7 | NULL |      NULL |
+----+------+------+-----------+------+-----------+