SELECT * FROM `table`
WHERE str_to_date(date_field, '%d-%m-%Y') BETWEEN '2010-01-30' AND '2010-09-29'
編集
これを行うこともできます:
SELECT * FROM `table`
WHERE cast(substring(date_field, 7, 4) as unsigned) * 10000 + cast(substring(date_field, 4, 2) as unsigned) * 100 + cast(substring(date_field', 1, 2) as unsigned)
BETWEEN 20100130 AND 20100929